Gum swelling is a common oral health problem and can be accompanied by pain, redness and tenderness of the gums. Swollen gums can often be a symptom of conditions such as gingivitis or infection. It is important to understand the causes of this problem and seek appropriate treatment, as it can lead to more serious gum disease without early intervention.
1. Gingivitis (Gingivitis):
The most common cause of swollen gums is gingivitis. Gingivitis occurs when the gum tissue becomes inflamed due to plaque accumulation. When oral hygiene is not paid enough attention, plaque and bacteria accumulated on the teeth cause inflammation in the gums. If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to gum recession and more serious gum disease (periodontitis). Regular brushing, flossing and professional dental cleaning are the most effective ways to prevent and treat gingivitis.
2. Tooth abscess:
Another common problem that causes swollen gums is a tooth abscess. A tooth abscess is caused by an infection that builds up in the roots of the teeth or in the gum tissue. A tooth abscess causes severe pain and swollen gums. It is usually caused by tooth decay, trauma or untreated gum disease. Treatment of an abscess usually requires antibiotics and surgical intervention.
3. Hormonal Changes:
Hormonal changes, especially during pregnancy, puberty or menopause, can lead to swollen gums. During these periods, the gums become more sensitive and the risk of inflammation increases. This condition, known as pregnancy gingivitis, usually occurs during pregnancy and can be controlled by paying attention to oral hygiene.
4. Gum Injuries:
Gum injuries can be caused by eating hard foods, improper brushing or flossing. Such trauma causes swelling and tenderness in the gums. Although injuries usually heal on their own in a short time, they can carry a risk of infection.
5. Tobacco Use:
Smoking and other tobacco products can cause irritation and swelling of the gums. Tobacco use increases the risk of gum disease and negatively affects the health of the gums. Avoiding tobacco products is an effective way to prevent gum swelling and general oral health problems.
Treatment Methods:
Treatment of swollen gums depends on the underlying cause. For gingivitis, it is recommended to pay attention to oral hygiene, have scaling and use antiseptic mouthwashes. In the case of a dental abscess, antibiotic treatment recommended by the dentist and drainage of the abscess may be necessary. Swelling that occurs during hormonal changes can be alleviated by paying attention to oral care. Quitting smoking and tobacco products also helps to protect gum health.
When gum swelling is noticed, it is important to consult a dentist immediately to prevent the progression of the problem and serious complications.
